Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination for Adults

What is HPV?

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide.

HPV is associated with several cancers, including:

Cervical, vaginal, and vulva cancers in women
Anal cancer and genital warts in both men and women

The virus is primarily spread through intimate skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity. Less commonly, it can also be transmitted from an infected mother to her baby during delivery. Because HPV often causes no symptoms, many people carry and pass on the virus without realising it.

How the HPV vaccine works

HPV vaccination works by stimulating your immune system to produce antibodies against HPV. These antibodies help prevent the virus from infecting cells if you’re exposed later in life.

Types of HPV vaccines

There are two approved HPV vaccines available in Singapore:

Bivalent vaccine (HPV2 Cervarix) – Protects against HPV types 16 and 18, which are responsible for the majority of cervical cancer cases.
Nonavalent vaccine (HPV9 Gardasil 9) – Protects against nine HPV types (6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58), covering more cancer-causing strains and those that cause genital warts.

Both Cervarix and Gardasil 9 vaccines are available at Parkway Shenton clinics.

HPV2 vs HPV9: What’s the difference?

HPV2 targets the two HPV types (16 and 18) most commonly associated with cervical cancer, while HPV9 offers broader protection against additional high-risk strains that are linked to cancer and genital warts.

In Singapore, the HPV2 vaccine is approved for use in females, while the HPV9 vaccine is approved for use in both males and females.

Why do you need the HPV vaccine?

HPV is highly prevalent and often asymptomatic, making vaccination an important preventive measure to reduce your risk of developing HPV-related cancers.

In Singapore, HPV vaccination is recommended for women under the National Adult Immunisation Schedule (NAIS) to strengthen community protection and reduce disease burden. It is partially subsidised and MediSave-claimable for eligible women up to age 26.

When should you get the HPV vaccine?

The HPV vaccine is suitable for females and males aged 9 – 45.

HPV vaccination for children aged 9 – 14 requires only 2 doses, as their immune systems typically respond well to the vaccine. For ages 15 and above, 3 doses are required at 0, 1 – 2, and 6-month intervals.

While the vaccine is most effective when administered before exposure to the virus, adults can still benefit. If you missed vaccination during your teenage years, catch-up vaccination is recommended up to age 45.

Those above age 45 should consult their doctor to assess whether vaccination is appropriate based on their personal health and risk factors.

Why is the HPV vaccine not generally recommended for people above age 45?

Most people would have been exposed to HPV by the age of 45, and the vaccine is most effective when administered before exposure to the virus. Therefore, the vaccine offers limited benefit in this age group as it does not treat existing infections or their complications.

Additionally, clinical trials and studies have primarily focused on the vaccine’s efficacy and safety in younger populations.

Who should not receive the HPV vaccine?

You should not receive the vaccine if you:

Have had a severe allergic reaction to a previous dose or any ingredient in the vaccine.
Are currently pregnant.

Pregnant women should postpone vaccination until after pregnancy.

How to prepare for your HPV vaccination

Before receiving the HPV vaccine, discuss the following with your doctor:

Allergies. Any history of severe allergic reactions, especially to a previous dose of the HPV vaccine or any of its components
Medical conditions. Existing health conditions, especially those that affect the immune system, such as HIV/AIDS or cancer
Medications. Current medications, including over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and herbal supplements, which might interact with the vaccine
Pregnancy or breastfeeding. If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, because the vaccine’s safety in these conditions may require further discussion with your doctor
Bleeding disorders. Conditions that affect blood clotting or if you are taking blood-thinning medications
Recent vaccine history. Inform your doctor of any vaccines received recently to avoid potential interactions
If you are currently unwell and having a fever

Tip: Wear a short-sleeved top or something with sleeves that roll up easily to facilitate the injection in your upper arm.

What to expect during HPV vaccination

The HPV vaccine is given as an injection in the upper arm. Depending on your age and health history, you will receive:

Ages 9 – 14: 2 doses
Ages 15 – 45: 3 doses given at 0, 1 – 2, and 6 months

Common side effects of the HPV vaccine

Most side effects are mild and temporary. These may include:

Pain, redness or swelling at the injection site
Headache, fatigue, or mild fever
Muscle aches

What are the serious side effects that require medical attention?

Serious side effects are rare and may include:

Difficulty breathing
Swollen eyes, face, lips, and/or tongue
Hives or rash
Sudden dizziness or weakness

If you experience any of these symptoms, seek medical attention immediately.

Ready to get protected?

HPV9 vaccination is available at all Parkway Shenton clinics islandwide at $718 nett for 3 doses. Pre-pay today and schedule your visit at your convenience.

Purchase now

Frequently asked questions

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Yes. Men should also receive HPV vaccination, as it protects against genital warts and cancers such as anal and oropharyngeal (throat) cancer. It also helps reduce virus transmission to their partners.

While the HPV vaccine is most effective when given at a younger age, individuals older than 45 may still benefit from getting vaccinated, especially if they have not been exposed to HPV. Speak to your doctor to determine if vaccination is right for you.

You may still benefit from protection against other HPV strains. Consult your doctor for personalised advice.

HPV vaccination is a preventive measure and does not require lifestyle changes. However, it does not substitute for routine cancer screenings or safe sexual practices.

While the HPV vaccine is highly effective, it does not provide 100% protection against all HPV types. It is still possible to be infected with a strain not covered by the vaccine.

Yes, the HPV vaccine can be administered at the same time as other vaccines, including flu and tetanus shots.

Yes. Menstruation does not affect the efficacy or safety of the HPV vaccine.

You do not need to restart the series. Simply schedule the missed dose as soon as possible.

Current studies show that the HPV vaccine provides long-lasting protection for over 10 years. No boosters are currently recommended.

Individuals with weakened immune systems may receive the HPV vaccine but should consult their doctor. The vaccine may be less effective in this population, and additional doses may be recommended.

Vaccination does not eliminate the need for routine cancer screenings. Women should continue to follow recommended guidelines for cervical cancer screening, which typically include Pap smear tests once every 3 years for women between ages 25 – 29, and HPV tests once every 5 years for women above age 30.